1. Retinol
Retinol is the gold standard form of vitamin A in skincare. It is derived from animal sources and is known for its powerful anti-ageing properties.
When applied topically, retinol promotes collagen production, accelerates cell turnover, and reduces the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. It also helps to improve skin texture, minimise pore size, and even out skin tone.
2. Retinyl Palmitate
Retinyl palmitate is a milder form of vitamin A. It is often used in over-the-counter skincare products due to its stability and gentle nature.
Although it is less potent than retinol, retinyl palmitate still provides notable benefits such as improving skin elasticity, enhancing moisture retention, and promoting a smoother complexion.
3. Retinaldehyde
Retinaldehyde is a direct precursor to retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A.
It is highly effective in stimulating collagen production and reducing the appearance of wrinkles and pigmentation.
With its gentle yet powerful actions, retinaldehyde is suitable for sensitive skins who may experience irritation from other forms of vitamin A. This is one of my personal favourite forms of Vitamin A for that reason.
4. Retinoic Acid
Retinoic acid, also known as tretinoin or all-trans retinoic acid, is the most potent form of vitamin A.
It is available ONLY as a prescription medication and is commonly used to treat severe acne, psoriasis, and other skin conditions.
Retinoic acid works by normalising cell turnover, reducing inflammation, and unclogging pores, resulting in clearer and healthier skin.